Vitiligo is a complex, non-contagious skin condition characterised by the loss of pigmentation, resulting in white patches on the skin. This occurs when melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin (the pigment that gives skin its colour), are destroyed or cease to function. Vitiligo can affect any part of the body, including the skin, hair, and even the mucous membranes inside the mouth and nose. The condition is considered a chronic autoimmune disorder, although its exact cause remains unclear. Genetics, environmental factors, and immune system dysfunction are believed to contribute to its development. Vitiligo affects individuals of all ages, ethnicities, and genders, though its visibility is often more pronounced in people with darker skin tones.